Regents Chemistry Test Preparation Practice Nucleus

As a result of the gold foil experiment, it was concluded that an atom*

(1) contains protons, neutrons, and electrons

(2) contains a small, dense nucleus

(3) has positrons and orbitals

(4) is a hard, indivisible sphere

Which statement describes the distribution of charge in an atom?*

(1) A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.

(2) A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more positively charged electrons.

(3) A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.

(4) A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more positively charged electrons.

Which phrase describes an atom?*

(1) a negatively charged nucleus surrounded by positively charged protons

(2) a negatively charged nucleus surrounded by positively charged electrons

(3) a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged protons

(4) a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons

According to the modern model of the atom, the nucleus of an atom is surrounded by one or more*

(1) electrons

(2) neutrons

(3) positrons

(4) protons

Which statement describes the location of two types of subatomic particles in a helium atom?*

(1) Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus.

(2) Protons and neutrons are located outside the nucleus.

(3) Protons and electrons are located in the nucleus.

(4) Protons and electrons are located outside the nucleus.

What is the charge of the nucleus of a copper atom?*

(1) +1

(2) +2

(3) +29

(4) +64

Given a list of atomic model descriptions:

A: electron shells outside a central nucleus B: hard, indivisible sphere C: mostly empty space

Which list of atomic model descriptions represents the order of historical development from the earliest to most recent?*

(1) A, B, C

(2) A, C, B

(3) B, C, A

(4) B, A, C

The results of the gold foil experiment led to the conclusion that an atom is*

(1) mostly empty space and has a small, negatively charged nucleus

(2) mostly empty space and has a small, positively charged nucleus

(3) a hard sphere and has a large, negatively charged nucleus

(4) a hard sphere and has a large, positively charged nucleus

What is the charge of the nucleus of an oxygen atom?*

(1) 0

(2) −2

(3) +8

(4) +16

Which subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom of beryllium?*

(1) electrons and protons

(2) electrons and positrons

(3) neutrons and protons

(4) neutrons and electrons

Which statement describes the structure of an atom?*

(1) The nucleus contains positively charged electrons.

(2) The nucleus contains negatively charged protons.

(3) The nucleus has a positive charge and is surrounded by negatively charged electrons.

(4) The nucleus has a negative charge and is surrounded by positively charged electrons.

Which statement describes the charge and location of an electron in an atom?*

(1) An electron has a positive charge and is located outside the nucleus.

(2) An electron has a positive charge and is located in the nucleus.

(3) An electron has a negative charge and is located outside the nucleus.

(4) An electron has a negative charge and is located in the nucleus.

Base your answers to questions 13 on the information below.

The element boron, a trace element in Earth’s crust, is found in foods produced from plants. Boron has only two naturally occurring stable isotopes, boron-10 and boron-11.

State, in terms of subatomic particles, one difference between the nucleus of a carbon-11 atom and the nucleus of a boron-11 atom.*

Base your answers to questions 14 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

Elements with an atomic number greater than 92 can be artificially produced in nuclear reactions by bombarding a naturally occurring nuclide with a different nuclide. One of these elements is roentgenium, Rg. The equation below represents a nuclear reaction that produces Rg-272.

atomic-concepts, atomic-structore, nucleus, periodic-table, identification-of-element fig: chem12016-exam_g8.png

State the location and the total charge of the protons in a Ni-64 atom.*

Base your answers to questions 15 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

A student compares some models of the atom. These models are listed in the table below in order of development from top to bottom.

atomic-concepts, atomic-models, historic-models fig: chem62014-exam_g11.png

State one conclusion about the internal structure of the atom that resulted from the gold foil experiment.*