Topic: Nucleus
Nucleus
As a result of the gold foil experiment, it was concluded that an atom
(1) contains protons, neutrons, and electrons
(2) contains a small, dense nucleus
(3) has positrons and orbitals
(4) is a hard, indivisible sphere
Which statement describes the distribution of charge in an atom?
(1) A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.
(2) A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more positively charged electrons.
(3) A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.
(4) A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more positively charged electrons.
Which phrase describes an atom?
(1) a negatively charged nucleus surrounded by positively charged protons
(2) a negatively charged nucleus surrounded by positively charged electrons
(3) a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged protons
(4) a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons
According to the modern model of the atom, the nucleus of an atom is surrounded by one or more
(1) electrons
(2) neutrons
(3) positrons
(4) protons
Which statement describes the location of two types of subatomic particles in a helium atom?
(1) Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus.
(2) Protons and neutrons are located outside the nucleus.
(3) Protons and electrons are located in the nucleus.
(4) Protons and electrons are located outside the nucleus.
What is the charge of the nucleus of a copper atom?
(1) +1
(2) +2
(3) +29
(4) +64
Given a list of atomic model descriptions:
A: electron shells outside a central nucleus B: hard, indivisible sphere C: mostly empty space
Which list of atomic model descriptions represents the order of historical development from the earliest to most recent?
(1) A, B, C
(2) A, C, B
(3) B, C, A
(4) B, A, C
The results of the gold foil experiment led to the conclusion that an atom is
(1) mostly empty space and has a small, negatively charged nucleus
(2) mostly empty space and has a small, positively charged nucleus
(3) a hard sphere and has a large, negatively charged nucleus
(4) a hard sphere and has a large, positively charged nucleus
What is the charge of the nucleus of an oxygen atom?
(1) 0
(2) −2
(3) +8
(4) +16
Which subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom of beryllium?
(1) electrons and protons
(2) electrons and positrons
(3) neutrons and protons
(4) neutrons and electrons
Which statement describes the structure of an atom?
(1) The nucleus contains positively charged electrons.
(2) The nucleus contains negatively charged protons.
(3) The nucleus has a positive charge and is surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
(4) The nucleus has a negative charge and is surrounded by positively charged electrons.
Which statement describes the charge and location of an electron in an atom?
(1) An electron has a positive charge and is located outside the nucleus.
(2) An electron has a positive charge and is located in the nucleus.
(3) An electron has a negative charge and is located outside the nucleus.
(4) An electron has a negative charge and is located in the nucleus.
The element boron, a trace element in Earth’s crust, is found in foods produced from plants. Boron has only two naturally occurring stable isotopes, boron-10 and boron-11.
State, in terms of subatomic particles, one difference between the nucleus of a carbon-11 atom and the nucleus of a boron-11 atom.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
• The carbon-11 nucleus has one more proton than the nucleus of boron-11.
• A B-11 atom has a different number of neutrons than a C-11 atom.
Elements with an atomic number greater than 92 can be artificially produced in nuclear reactions by bombarding a naturally occurring nuclide with a different nuclide. One of these elements is roentgenium, Rg. The equation below represents a nuclear reaction that produces Rg-272.
State the location and the total charge of the protons in a Ni-64 atom.
Allow 1 credit for a correct combination of the location and the total charge of the protons.
• Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
• Location of protons:
• in the nucleus
• the small, dense center of an atom
• center of an atom
• Total charge of protons:
• +28
• 28+
• 28
A student compares some models of the atom. These models are listed in the table below in order of development from top to bottom.
State one conclusion about the internal structure of the atom that resulted from the gold foil experiment.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
• An atom is mainly empty space.
• It has a nucleus.
• The small, dense nucleus is positively charged.