Regents Earth Science Test Preparation Practice Regents Test, Full Exam Practice Online: earth science August 2022

Compared to the masses and densities of terrestrial planets, Jovian planets have*

(1) less mass and are less dense

(2) less mass and are more dense

(3) greater mass and are less dense

(4) greater mass and are more dense

The star Vega has an average surface temperature of 10,000 K and has a luminosity 70 times greater than that of the Sun. Which type of star is Vega?*

(1) supergiant

(2) giant

(3) white dwarf

(4) main sequence

The diagram below represents the Moon at one position in its orbit around Earth.

seasons-and-astronomy, motion-of-objects-in-the-solar-system, standard-6-interconnectedness, models fig: esci82022-exam_g3.png

Which diagram represents the phase of the Moon as viewed by an observer in New York State when the Moon is located at the position shown?

seasons-and-astronomy, motion-of-objects-in-the-solar-system, standard-6-interconnectedness, models fig: esci82022-exam_g2.png *

(1) 1

(2) 2

(3) 3

(4) 4

The diagram below represents latitudes and longitudes on Earth. Locations A and B are surface locations.

seasons-and-astronomy, earth-rotation, standard-6-interconnectedness, models fig: esci82022-exam_g1.png

The solar time difference between location A and location B is*

(1) 5 hours

(2) 2 hours

(3) 3 hours

(4) 6 hours

The constellation Orion can be observed from New York State in the night sky during winter, but it can not be observed in the night sky during summer due to*

(1) Earth’s rotation on its axis

(2) Earth’s revolution around the Sun

(3) Orion’s rotation on its axis

(4) Orion’s revolution around Earth

What is Earth’s approximate rate of movement along its orbit?*

(1) 1° per day

(2) 1° per hour

(3) 15° per day

(4) 15° per hour

The graph below shows the possible distances, in millions of kilometers, that a planet could be from a star in order to possibly support life as we know it (the Habitable Zone), based on the star’s surface temperature in Kelvin (K). The location of Earth has been plotted based on our Sun’s surface temperature of 5778 K.

seasons-and-astronomy, the-solar-system, standard-1-math-and-science-inquery, velocity-slope-sediment-size-channel-shape-stream-valume-distance-from-the-sun-gravitational-force-period-of-revolution-speed-of-revolution fig: esci82022-exam_g5.png

Which planet in our solar system would be in the Habitable Zone, if the Sun’s surface temperature was 4000 K?*

(1) Mercury

(2) Venus

(3) Mars

(4) Jupiter

The map below shows the location of Chicxulub Crater, formed approximately 65 million years ago by an asteroid impact.

geologic-history, reference-tables, seasons-and-astronomy, asteroids-comets-and-meteors, earth-history, standard-1-math-and-science-inquery, changing-length-of-a-shadow-based-on-the-motion-of-the-sun fig: esci82022-exam_g4.png

This impact crater has been most closely linked to*

(1) meteor showers

(2) worldwide mass extinctions

(3) the eccentricity of Earth’s orbit

(4) the formation of the Gulf of Mexico

The weather map below shows isobars that are labeled in millibars (mb). Three isobars are labeled X, Y, and Z.

meteorology, presentation-of-weather-data, standard-6-interconnectedness, models, standard-6-interconnectedness, patterns-of-change fig: esci82022-exam_g6.png

What are the values for the isobars labeled X, Y, and Z?*

(1) X = 1012 mb; Y = 1016 mb; Z = 1000 mb

(2) X = 1010 mb; Y = 1016 mb; Z = 1008 mb

(3) X = 1010 mb; Y = 1024 mb; Z = 1000 mb

(4) X = 1012 mb; Y = 1024 mb; Z = 1008 mb

Which cross section best represents the general atmospheric circulation over the North Pole?*

(1)

reference-tables, planetary-wind-and-moisture-belts-in-the-troposphere, meteorology, weather-basics-and-observable-patterns, standard-1-math-and-science-inquery, changing-length-of-a-shadow-based-on-the-motion-of-the-sun, standard-6-interconnectedness, models fig: esci82022-exam_g7.png

(2)

(3)

(4)

The map below shows the most likely positions and speeds of the polar front jet stream in summer and in winter.

meteorology, transfer-of-heat-energy, meteorology, transfer-of-heat-energy, seasons-and-astronomy, seasons, meteorology, front, meteorology, jet-streams, standard-6-interconnectedness, models, standard-6-interconnectedness, patterns-of-change fig: esci82022-exam_g11.png

In winter, the polar front jet stream has a more southerly path with winds traveling at speeds that are generally*

(1) less than in summer, and Earth’s Northern Hemisphere tilts away from the Sun

(2) less than in summer, and Earth’s Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the Sun

(3) greater than in summer, and Earth’s Northern Hemisphere tilts away from the Sun

(4) greater than in summer, and Earth’s Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the Sun

Equal areas of which surface will typically absorb the greatest amount of insolation?

insolation-and-the-seasons, variations-of-insolation, standard-6-interconnectedness, models fig: esci82022-exam_g12.png

(1) 1

(2) 2

(3) 3

(4) 4

At a location in the Northern Hemisphere, a camera was placed outside at night with the lens pointing at a group of stars. The shutter was left open for a few hours, resulting in the photograph of star trails shown below.

seasons-and-astronomy, earth-rotation, standard-6-interconnectedness, models, standard-6-interconnectedness, patterns-of-change fig: esci82022-exam_g13.png

What is the name of the star in the center of the photograph that did not leave a star trail?*

(1) Betelgeuse

(2) Polaris

(3) the Sun

(4) Sirius

Outgassing of water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen initially formed Earth’s early*

(1) lithosphere

(2) hydrosphere

(3) asthenosphere

(4) atmosphere

Which type of electromagnetic radiation listed below has the longest wavelength?*

(1) infrared

(2) ultraviolet

(3) red visible light

(4) violet visible light