Regents Living Environment Test Preparation Practice Regents Test, Full Exam Practice Online: living environment June 2018

1

Producers are generally found at the beginning of a food chain. Which statement best explains why this is true?*

(1) Producers are usually smaller in size than consumers.

(2) Producers do not rely on other organisms for food.

(3) There are always more consumers than producers in food chains.

(4) Consumers are always more complex organisms than producers.

2

A lion cub resembles its parents because it inherits genes that produce*

(1) DNA identical to all of the DNA found in both parents

(2) proteins identical to all of the proteins found in both parents

(3) ATP identical to some of the ATP found in each parent

(4) enzymes identical to some of the enzymes found in each parent

3

If body temperature is too high, some blood vessels increase in size and sweat glands will excrete sweat, resulting in a lower body temperature. These changes are an example of*

(1) a learned behavior

(2) feedback mechanisms

(3) an inherited disorder

(4) genetic mutations

4

A farmer grows beans that he sells to local markets. Over a period of 40 years, the farmer has identified the plants that produced the most beans and only used those beans to produce new plants. This procedure is part of the process of*

(1) selective breeding

(2) genetic engineering

(3) replication

(4) cloning

5

Although we rely on coal, oil, and natural gas to produce energy, some environmental scientists have proposed that we use less fossil fuel. One reason to support this proposal is to*

(1) enable us to preserve rain forests in tropical areas

(2) help us to reduce the production of carbon dioxide gas

(3) allow us to decrease the use of fertilizers on crops

(4) encourage us to end research on wind and water power sources

6

The diagram below represents relationships in an ecosystem.

ecology, energy flow and food web fig: lenv62018-examw_g1.png

What is the primary source of energy in this environment?*

(1) cellular respiration in the plants

(2) energy from minerals in the soil

(3) fossil fuels

(4) solar energy

7

Research has shown that treadmill training increases the number of certain energy-releasing structures in the brain cells of rats.

organization and patterns in Life, cell structure and functions fig: lenv62018-examw_g2.png

The cellular structures referred to in this study are most likely*

(1) mitochondria

(2) nuclei

(3) vacuoles

(4) ribosomes

8

Which process must first take place in order for the proteins in foods to be used by body cells?*

(1) digestion

(2) storage

(3) synthesis

(4) excretion

9

Which statement is characteristic of reproduction in humans?*

(1) The reproductive cells of males and females differ in chromosome number.

(2) Males and females produce gametes in the ovaries.

(3) Males and females produce the same num ber of gametes.

(4) The reproductive cycles of males and females are regulated by hormones.

10

Which row in the chart below represents the most likely changes in the atmosphere due to widespread deforestation?

human influences on the environment, human influences on global stabilities of ecosystems fig: lenv62018-examw_g3.png *

(1) 1

(2) 2

(3) 3

(4) 4

11

The chart below represents some of the events

that occur during the cycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

ecology, materials cycle through ecosystems fig: lenv62018-examw_g4.png

Which organisms would most appropriately complete the chart when written in the circle at X?*

(1) producers

(2) herbivores

(3) carnivores

(4) decomposers

12

The diagram below represents the formation of a cancerous growth.

genetics and biotechnology, applications of biotechnology fig: lenv62018-examw_g6.png

Which statement best explains the events represented in this diagram?*

(1) A gene mutation caused the cells to become muscle cells.

(2) The growth resulted from the introduction of a vaccine.

(3) A gene mutation caused abnormal mitotic cell division.

(4) The growth resulted from uncontrolled meiotic cell division.

13

A standard laboratory technique used to produce a new plant is represented in the diagram below.

reproduction and development, reproduction and development, ansexual reproduction, sexual reproduction fig: lenv62018-examw_g5.png

This technique is best identified as*

(1) gene alteration

(2) selective breeding

(3) replication

(4) cloning

14

An example of competition between members of two different species is*

(1) mold growing on a dead tree that has fallen in the forest

(2) purple loosestrife plants growing in the same wet areas as cattail plants

(3) a coyote feeding on the remains of a deer that died of starvation

(4) two male turkeys displaying mating behaviors to attract a female turkey

15

Which statement best explains why different body

cells of the same individual look and function differently?*

(1) Each cell contains different genes.

(2) Different genes are activated in different kinds of cells.

(3) Cells are able to change to adapt to their surroundings.

(4) Half of the genes in the cells came from the mother and half from the father.